Postindustrial Business Principles

(See also History of Business: Postindustrial)

General Resources
Restructuring, Reengineering, Downsizing, Flattening
Knowledge Work, Knowledge Management, Learning Organizations
The Team Concept
The Quality Movement
Outsourcing
"Flex-Timing": Part-Time, Temp, Flexible Labor
Diversity Management
The Idea of "Corporate Culture"
The Japanese Model
Business & Globalism / Multinationalism
Business & Technology
Consumerism & Advertising
Management, Organization, & Operations Science
Human Resources Management
Postindustrial Labor Relations
Business Journals
Selected Resources in Economics

= More Info (see policy on "more info" links)

General Resources

• About Work (info and resources on job searches, careers, work from home, business start ups)
• Joseph H. Boyett and Henry P. Conn, Workplace 2000: The Revolution Reshaping American Business (New York: Plume / Penguin, 1992)
• William H. Davidow and Michael S. Malone, The Virtual Corporation: Structuring and Revitalizing the Corporation for the 21st Century (New York: HarperBusiness, 1992)
• Arif Dirlik, "The Postmodernization of Production and Its Organization: Flexible Production, Work and Culture," in The Postcolonial Aura: Third World Criticism in the Age of Global Capitalism (Boulder, CO: Westview, 1997), pp. 186-219
• Peter Drucker
  1. "The Coming of the New Organization," Harvard Business Review, Jan-Feb. 1988: 46
  2. Management: Tasks, Responsibilities, Practices (New York: Harper & Row, 1973)
  3. Post-Capitalist Society (New York: HarperBusiness / HarperCollins, 1993)
  4. Peter Schwartz, "Post-Capitalist" (the Wired Magazine interview with Drucker)
• Michael Hammer and James Champy, Reengineering the Corporation: A Manifesto for Business Revolution (New York: HaerperBusiness, 1993)
• Larry Hirschhorn, Beyond Mechanization: Work and Technology in a Postindustrial Age (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1984) (studies the evolution of mechanical engineering principles and machine/worker relations to provide a history of industrial automation based on such fundamental machinic principles as "constraint," "flexibility," and "feedback"; uses the case of the accident at the Three Mile nuclear plant to argue that postindustrial production has evolved beyond the inflexible control and constraint parameters of earlier mechanization; closes with first-hand research into newer "sociotechnical" organizations oriented around team-work, "developmental learning," and other flexible approaches to integrating workers and complex technical environments)
• William B. Johnston and Arnold H. Packer, Workplace 2000: Work and Workers for the 21st Century, prepared for the U. S. Department of Labor (Indianapolis, Indiana: Hudson Institute, June 1987)
• Martin Kenney and Richard Florida, Beyond Mass Production: The Japanese System and Its Transfer to the United States (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1993)
• William Kuhns, The Post-Industrial Prophets: Interpretations of Technology (New York: Weybright and Talley, 1971)
• Timothy W. Luke (Virginia Tech U.), From Analogue to Digital Fordism
• John Micklethwait and Adrian Wooldridge, The Witch Doctors: Making Sense of the Management Gurus (New York: Times Books / Random House, 1996, 1997) ("Shelley once claimed that poets are 'the unacknowledged legislators of mankind.' Today that honor belongs to management theorists," p. 3)
• N.Y. Public Library Science, Industry and Business Library Page
• Christopher Newfield (U. California, Santa Barbara), "Corporation H" (1997) (Bodies, Inc.)
• Tom Peters, Liberation Management: Necessary Disorganization for the Nanosecond Nineties (New York: Fawcett Columbine, 1992)
• Political Economy Research Centre (PERC) ("multi-disciplinary research on the current transformation of industrial societies and of the global economic and political order") (Sheffield U., UK)
• Robert B. Reich, The Work of Nations: Preparing Ourselves for 21st-Century Capitalism (New York: Vintage / Random House, 1991)
• Resources of Scholarly Societies - Business (U. Waterloo)
• Don Tapscott, The Digital Economy: Promise and Peril in the Age of Networked Intelligence (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1996)
• Robert M. Tomasko, Downsizing: Reshaping the Corporation for the Future, rev. ed. (New York: American Management Assoc., 1990)

Restructuring, Reegineering, Downsizing, Flattening

• Bibliography on Reegineering (annotated; but available only as a BibTeX database via FTP) (IEEE Computer Society: Technical Council on Software Engineering / U. Stuttgart)
• Joseph H. Boyett and Henry P. Conn, Workplace 2000: The Revolution Reshaping American Business (New York: Plume / Penguin, 1992)
• Michael Hammer and James Champy, Reengineering the Corporation: A Manifesto for Business Revolution (New York: HaerperBusiness, 1993)
• The Horizontal Corporation: Flattening the Organization (bibliography; "The following books and articles cover methods of delayering organizational structure") (Jeffrey Michaels)
• Process of Re-engineering (Office for Continuous Quality Improvement, U. Maryland)
• Paul A. Strassman, "The Hocus-Pocus of Reengineering" (1996)
• Robert M. Tomasko, Downsizing: Reshaping the Corporation for the Future, rev. ed. (New York: American Management Assoc., 1990)

Knowledge Work, Knowledge Management, & Learning Organizations

(see also The Corporation Imitates Academe, New Class, White Collars, and Intellectuals)

• Stanley Aronowitz and William DiFazio, The Jobless Future: Sci-Tech and the Dogma of Work (Minneapolis: Univ. of Minnesota Press, 1994) (esp. Chap. 1, "The New Knowledge Work")
  1. (brief excerpts) (cy.Rev #4: A Journal of Cybernetic Revolution, Sustainable Socialism and Radical Democracy)
• @BRINT: A Business Researcher's Interests -- Organizational Knowledge Management & Organizational Learning (extensive bibliography and guide to online resources on the topic of "knowledge work" and knowledge/learning organaizations) (Yogesh Malhotra)
• "Canada and the Knowledge-Based Economy" (1997) (IT and Knowledge-Based Economy Summit / Strategis)
• Claudio U. Ciborra and Leslie S. Schneider, "Transforming the Routines and Contexts of Management, Work, and Technology," in P. Adler (1992), pp. 269-91 (on "thinking" and "learning" organizations)
• R.E. Cole, Strategies for Learning: Small Group Activities in American, Japanese, and Swedish Industries (Berkeley, CA: Univ. of California, Press, 1989)
• Bob Davis and David Wessel, Prosperity: The Coming Twenty-Year Boom and What It Means to You (Time Business, 1998) (predicts the prosperity of the American middle class due to technology, globalization, and education; includes discussion of the pivotal role of community colleges in the future)
• Charles Derber, ed., Professionals as Workers: Mental Labor in Advanced Capitalism (Boston: G.K. Hall, 1982)
• Comprehensive Reference List on Organisational Learning and Related Literatures (with special focus on Team Learning) (Murat H. Polat, U. Wollongong, Australia)
• James Courtney, et al. (Texas A&M U.), "Lockean Inquiring Organizations: Guiding Principles and Design Guidelines for Learning Organizations"
• Tom Davenport, "Coming Soon: The CKO (Chief Knowledge Officer)" (1994) (Information Week Online)
• Marc Eisenstadt, "The Knowledge Media Generation" (Knowledge Media Institute, Open U., UK)
• John Paul Fullerton, Review of Peter Senge's The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization
• IT and Knowledge-Based Economy Summit, "Canada and the Knowledge-Based Economy" (1997) (IT and Knowledge-Based Economy Summit / Strategis)
• Knowledge Management Forum (Brian Newman)
  1. Annotated Index of Papers on KM
  2. Bibliography and Reviews
  3. Related Sites
• Knowledge Garden (online texts on business knowledge and learning) (Vision Nest Publishing)
• Knowledge Inc. ("monthly executive newsletter that covers trends in information technology, organizational learning and knowledge management"; articles from the first issue & ordering info)
• Knowledge Management & Organizational Learning (extensive archive of online texts and other resources) (Yogesh Malhotra / @Brint)
• E. Kronqvist and H. Soini (U. Oulu, Finland), "Developing a Learning Organization at the University Level")
• Kai Larsen, et al., "Learning Organizations"
• Learning-Org Dialog on Learning Organizations (brief digest of Senge's learning-organization thesis) (Richard Karash)
• The Learning Organizations Homepage (Kai Larsen)
• Learning Organizations -- a Web Bibiliography
• Barbara Lepani (U. Sydney), "Education in the Information Society" (1995) ("mindware integrates the five domains of culture, learning, technology, mind and organisation into a new industry cluster")
• Lifelong Learning Links (Jan Flake)
• Fritz Machlup
  1. The Production and Distribution of Knowledge in the United States (Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1962
  2. Knowledge: Its Creation, Distribution, and Economic Significance, 2 vols. (Princeton: Princeton U. Press)
     • I. Knowledge and Knowledge Production (1980)
     • The Branches of Learning (1982)
• Brook Manville & Nathaniel Foote, "Harvest Your Workers' Knowledge" (1996) ("Call it post-modern reengineering . . . to make your organization perform, you'll have to build systems that support knowledge--not data") (Datamation)
• MIT Organizational Learning Network
• Touraj Nasseri (TechnoVantage, Inc.), "Knowledge Leverage : The Ultimate Advantage" (196) (@Brint)
• Ikujiro Nonaka and Hirotaka Takeuchi, The Knowledge-Creating Company: How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1995)
• George Pór, "Corporate Knowledge Nettworks" (on "knowledge ecology," "knowledge architecture," and "communities of practice") (Knowledge Garden)
• Reflexions of a Cyber Warrior: On Knowledge Management ("compilation of key ideas from various published sources--academic and practitioner--that create a mosaic of what I think about as the emergent definition of Knowledge Management") (Yogesh Malhotra / @Brint)
• Michael Rogers Rubin and Mary Taylor Huber, with Elizabeth Lloyd Taylor, The Knowledge Industry in the United States, 1960-1980 (Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1986)
• Margaret Ryan, "Human Resource Management and the Politics of Knowledge: Linking the Essential Knowledge Base of the Organization to Strategic Decision Making" (1995) (Leadership & Organization Development Journal)
• Peter Senge
  1. The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization (New York: Doubleday, 1990)
  2. The Fifth Discipline Fieldbook: Strategies, Tools, and Connections for Building a Learning Organization (site supporting Peter Senge's book of this title, which is the follow-up to his influential Fifth Discipline book on "learning organizations") (Peter Senge, et al.)
• SLOW: Stanford Learning Organization Web
• David Stern, "Institutions and Incentives for Developing Work-Related Knowledge and Skill," in P. Adler (1992), pp. 149-86
• Thomas A. Stewart
  1. Intellectual Capital: The New Wealth of Organizations (New York: Currency / Doubleday, 1997)
  2. "The Coins in the Knowledge Bank" (1996) (Fortune)
  3. "Trying to Grasp the Intangible" (1995) ("Here's one way to put a dollar value on corporate knowledge") (Fortune)
  4. "Mapping Corporate Brainpower" (1995) (Fortune)
• Paul Strassmann, Interview on Knowledge Capital (1996) (Strassmann, Inc.)
• Karl E. Sveiby
  1. The Knowledge Organisation
  2. "What is Knowledge Management?"
• UK Lifelong Learning (home page of the Individual Learning Division of the UK Dept. for Education and Employment)
• UK Lifelong Learning (page devoted to the new corporate doctrine of "lifelong learning" as promoted by the UK government) (Individual Commitment Division of the Department for Education and Employment, UK)
• Peter Vogel, "Know Your Business: Build a Knowledgebase" (1996) (Datamation)
• What is Knowledge Management? ("summaries of various descriptions of knowledge management") (Knowledge Management Forum)
• Bob Willard (IBM Canada), Ideas on "Learning Organizations" (hypertext presentation of leading principles and quotations from management theorists of the "learning organization" movement)

The Team Concept

• Victoria Brown, "The Invisible Key to Success: Shadowy Groups Called Communities of Practice Are Where Learning and Growth Happen. You Can't Control Them--But They're Easy to Kill" (1996) (Fortune)
• Comprehensive Reference List on Organisational Learning and Related Literatures (With Special Focus On Team Learning) (Murat H. Polat, U. Wollongong, Australia)
• J. Galegher, et al., ed., Intellectual Teamwork: Social and Technological Foundations of Cooperative Work (Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1990)
• Jon R. Katzenbach and Douglas K. Smith, The Wisdom of Teams: Creating the High-Performance Organization (New York: HarperBusiness, 1994) [first pub. 1993]
• Susan Albers Mohrman, Susan G. Cohen, and Allan M. Mohrman, Jr., Designing Team-Based Organizations: New Forms for Knowledge Work (San Francisco, Jossey-Bass, 1995)

The Quality Movement

(See also Early Quality Control)

• Bertha Velazquez and Helen D. Wiesehan, "Deming's 14 Points for the Transformation of Management" (1996) ("half a world away, Deming's name had become synonymous with Japanese quality. His methods dramatically altered the economy of Japan. In the United States, however, he was virtually unknown. . . . Deming's goal in formulating the Fourteen Points was to create the management equivalent of the Ten Commandments")
• Glossary of Continuous Improvement (Arizona State U.)
• Lon Wagner, Inside Total Quality Management (1995) (series of newspaper articles on the history and principles of TQM) (Virginian-Pilot / Landmark Communications, Inc.)
• Learning More About CQI(Office for Continuous Quality Improvement, U. Maryland)
  1. Selected Resources:
  2. General Resources
  3. Workshops and Conferences on Quality
• An Overview of Continuous Quality Improvement (Office for Continuous Quality Improvement, U. Maryland)
• Quality Technology Home Page
• TQM (Total Quality Management) Gopher

Outsourcing

• Phil Agre (U. Calif., San Diego), "Outsourcing and You" (on the relation between outsourcing and information technology)
• Michael F. Corbett # Associates, LTD (resources and info on outsourcing)
• The Outsourcing Institute ("an Executive Resource Network and forum for executives interested in the strategic use of outside resources")
  1. Selected Resources:
  2. "Outsourcing Did You Know?: The Outsourcing Institute's Trend Report"
  3. "Outsourcing: How Industry Leaders Are Reshaping the American Corporation" (reprint from a Fortune special section on outsourcing)
  4. Selected Outsourcing Statistics
  5. Top Ten Reasons Companies Outsource (Outsourcing Institute)

"Flex-Timing": Part-Time, Temp, Flexible Labor

(See also Postindustrial Labor Relations, Part-Time Labor Crisis in Academe)

• Kathleen Barker and Kathleen Christensen, ed., Contingent Work: American Employment Relations in Trasition (Ilr, 1998)
• Veronica Beechey and Tessa Perkins, A Matter of Hours: Women, Part-Time Work, and the Labour Market (Minneapolis, MN: Univ. of Minnesota Press, 1987)
• Hans-Peter Blossfeld and Catherine Hakim, ed., Between Equalization and Marginalization: Women Working Part-Time in Europe and the United States of America (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1997)
• Buck Consultants, Inc., Parental Leave: An Employer View (New York: Buck Consultants, Inc., 1990)
• Bureau of National Affairs, "Flexible Scheduling for Managers and Professionals: New Work Arrangements for the 1990s," BNA Special Report Series on Work & Family, no. 27 (Washington, D.C.: Bureau of National Affairs, Inc.)
• Polly Callaghan and Heidi Hartmann, Contingent Work: A Chartbook on Part-Time and Temporary Employment (Washington, D.C.: Economic Policy Institute, Institute for Women's Policy Research, 1991)
• Kathleen E. Christensen, Flexible Staffing and Scheduling (New York: The Conference Board, 1989)
• Committee on Labor and Human Resources, Subcommittee on Labor, U.S. Senate, Conference on the Growing Contingent Work Force: Flexibility at the Price of Fairness? . . . February 8, 1994) (Washington, D.C.: U.S. G.P.O, 1994)
• Christopher Cook, "Temps -- The Forgotten Workers," The Nation, Jan. 21, 1994: 125-28
• Carl Davidson and Marianne Bray, Women and Part Time Work in New Zealand: A Contemporary Insight (Christchurch, New Zealand: Institute for Social Research and Development, 1994)
• Erich Dederichs
  1. Part-Time Work in the European Community: Laws and Regulations, trans. Olive McKinley (Shankill, County Dublin, Ireland: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions / Lanham, MD: Unipub, 1991)
  2. and Eberhard Köhler, Part-Time Work in the European Community: The Economic and Social Dimension (Dublin, Ireland: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, 1993)
• Chris de Neubourg, "Part-Time Work: An International Quantitative Comparison," International Labour Review 124 (1985): 5455-5562
• Ann Duffy and Norene Pupo, Part-Time Paradox: Connecting Gender, Work andFamily (Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1992)
• Virginia L. duRivage, New Policies for the Part-Time and Contingent Workforce (Washington, D.C.: Economic Policy Institute, 1992)
• Ronald G. Ehrenberg, et al., "Part-Time Employment in the United States," in Robert A. Hart, ed., Employment, Unemployment,and Labor Utilization (Boston: Unwin Hyman, 1988)
• Ellen Galinsky, The Implementation of Flexible Time and Leave Policies: Observations from European Employers (New York: Families and Work Institute, 1989)
• Barbara Garson, The Electronic Sweatshop: How Computers are Transforming the Office of the Future into the Factory of the Past (1988; rpt. NewYork: Penguin, 1989), Chap. 9 on "Piecework Professionals"
• Janet Gornick and Jerry A. Jacobs, A Cross-National Analysis of the Wages of Part-Time Workers: Evidence from the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia (Syracuse, NY: Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, Syracuse Univ., 1994)
• Hilda Kahne, Reconceiving Part-Time Work: New Perspectives for Older Workers and Women (Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Allanheld, 1985)
• Helen Lewis, Part-Time Work: Trends and Issues, Women's Research and Employment Initiatives Program (Canberra: Australian Government Pub. Service, 1990)
• Susan McRae, Part-Time Work in the European Union: The Gender Dimension (Dublin, Ireland: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, 1995)
• Cynthia Negrey, Gender, Time, and Reduced Work (Albany, NY: State Univ. of New York Press, 1993)
• Barney Olmsted, Job-Sharing, prepared by Barney Olmsted and the New Ways to Work Job Sharing Project (San Francisco: New Ways to Work, 1980)
• Barney Olmsted and Suzanne Smith
  1. Creative a Flexible Workplace: How to Select & Manage Alternative Work Options, 2nd ed. (New York: AMACOM, 1994)
  2. The Job-Sharing Handbook (New York: Penguin, 1983)
  3. Managing in a Flexible Workplace (New York: AMACOM, 1997)
• Part-Time Work, 2 vols., Report V, Fifth Item on the Agenda, International Labour Conference, 80th Session, 1993 (1-2) (Geneva: International Labour Office, 1992-1993)
• Jeremy Rifkin, The End of Work: The Decline of the Global Labor Force and the Dawn of the Post-Market Era (New York: G. P. Putnam, 1995), pp. 190-94 on "The New Reserve Army"
• Vicki Smith, "Flexibility in Work and Employment: Impact on Women," Research in the Sociology of Organizations 2 (1993): 195-216
• Brian K. Steverson, "Temporary Employment and the Social Contract" (Online Journal of Ethics)
• Temp 24-7 (an online magazine and resource center for temp workers started in early 1998; the site has "attitude," as expressed in such features as "Temp Tales of Terror" and an interactive combat game named "Temps vs. Suits")
• Chris Tilly, Short Hours, Short Shrift: Causes and Consequences of Part-Time Work (Washington, D.C.: Economic Policy Institute, 1992)
• Alexander Wedderburn, ed., Part-Time Work (Dublin, Ireland: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, 1995)

Diversity Management

• Iris Randall (Roah, West & Randall, Inc.), "The Art and Practice of Learning Techniques to Manage Diversity" (1996) (Career Magazine)
• Business Week
  1. Linda Himelstein, "Breaking Through: How Do Some Companies Help Women Get Ahead While So Many Miss the Boat?" (1997)
• California Newsreel: Documentary Videos on Racial Sensitivity and Diversity Training (site includes descriptions of available videos from the California Newsreel non-profit video production and distribution center)
• Anthony Patrick Carnevale and Susan Carol Stone, The American Mosaic: An In-Depth Report on the Future of Diversity at Work (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1995)
• Claudia H. Deutsch
  1. "Corporate Diversity, in Practice: Networks and Accountability" (1996) ("But if training and quotas do not work, what does? The answer for a growing number of companies is a carrot-and-stick approach of leaning on management to promote minority employees . . . ") (LatinoLink / New York Times)
  2. "Diversity Training: Just Shut Up and Hire" (1996) ("R. Roosevelt Thomas Jr., a senior research fellow at the American Institute for Managing Diversity, used to believe that prejudice could be eradicated in Corporate America. Now, he has a more practical goal: Make even prejudiced people promote talented women and members of minorities whether they like them or not") (LatinoLink / New York Times)
• R. Dore, British Factory-Japanese Factory: The Origins of National Diversity in Industrial Relations (Berkeley, CA: Univ. of California Press, 1973)
• Economics of Affirmative Action (Carl Gutiérrez-Jones with Rita Raley, U. California, Santa Barbara)
• Katharine Esty, Richard Griffin, and Marcie Schorr Hirsch, Workplace Diversity: A Manager's Guide to Solving Problems and Turning Diversity into a Competitive Advantage (Holbrook, MA: Adams, 1995)
• "The Faces of Business Are Changing" (Executive Issues, Wharton School, U. Penn.)
• Lee Gardenswartz and Anita Rowe
  1. Diverse Teams at Work: Capitalizing on the Power of Diversity (Burr Ridge, Illinois: Irwin, 1994)
  2. Managing Diversity: A Complete Desk Reference and Planning Guide (Burr Ridge, Illinois: Irwin, 1993)
• Lewis Brown Griggs and Lente-Louise Louw, ed., Valuing Diversity: New Tools for a New Reality (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1995)
• Philip R. Harris and Robert T. Moran, Managing Cultural Differences: Leadership Strategies for a New World of Business, 4th ed. (Houston, Texas: Gulf Publishing, 1996)
• David Jamieson and Julie O'Mara, Managing Workforce 2000: Gaining the Diversity Advantage (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1991)
• William B. Johnston and Arnold H. Packer, Workplace 2000: Work and Workers for the 21st Century, prepared for the U. S. Department of Labor (Indianapolis, Indiana: Hudson Institute, June 1987)
• Howard N. Fullerton, Jr., "Labor Force Projections: The Baby Boom Moves On," Outlook 1990-2005, Bureau of Labor Statistics, U. S. Department of Labor, Bulletin 2402 (Washington D. C., U. S. Government Printing Office, May 1992), pp. 29-42
• Joel Kotkin, Tribes: How Race, Religion, and Identity Determine Success in the New Global Economy (New York: Random House, 1992)
• Kenneth Labich with Joyce E. Davis, "Making Diversity Pay" (1996) (Fortune / John McNeill)
• Melissa Lauber, "Diversity in Workforce Produces Bottom Line Benefits" (Village Life)
• Marilyn Loden and Judy B. Rosener, Workforce America! Managing Employee Diversity as a Vital Resource (Homewood, Illinois: Business One Irwin, 1991)
• Iris Randall, "The Art And Practice Of Learning Techniques To Manage Diversity" (Career Magazine)
• Pamela Schaeffer, "Employers Find Diversity Programs Must be 'Lived' " (Village Life)
• Teaching Diversity Resources ("list of writings which address diversity issues as they relate to various aspects of business and employment") (Fisher C. of Business, Ohio State U.)
• R. Roosevelt Thomas, Jr., Beyond Race and Gender: Unleashing the Power of Your Total Work Force by Managing Diversity (New York: AMACOM, 1991)
• Bruce C. Wearne (Monash U., Australia), "The Rhetoric of Diversity Salesmanship" (1997) (review essay on Bill Cope and Mary Kalantzis's 1997 Productive Diversity: A New Australian Model for Work and Management Annandale; "Post-modern rhetoric is alive and well in industrial relations in Australia. It has found its focus in diversity management a fast-growing and well-established approach to management theory for businesses and organisations of all sizes") (Sincronia)
• Workplace Diversity Network (WorkNet@ILR) (School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Cornell U.)

The Idea of "Corporate Culture"

• Arif Dirlik, "The Postmodernization of Production and Its Organization: Flexible Production, Work and Culture," in The Postcolonial Aura: Third World Criticism in the Age of Global Capitalism (Boulder, CO: Westview, 1997), pp. 186-219
• J. Martin, "Stories and Scripts in Organizational Settings," in A.H. Hastorf and A.M. Isen, ed., Cognitive Social Psychology (New York: Elsevier-North Holland, 1982), pp. 225-305
• C. O'Reilly, "Corporations, Culture, and Commitment: Motivation and Social Control in Organizations," in M. Tushman, et al., eds., Management of Organizations (New York: Harper and Row, 1989), pp. 285-303
• John Van Maanen and Gideon Kunda, " 'Real Feelings': Emotional Expression and Organizational Culture," Research in Organizational Behavior 11 (1989): 43-103 (study of corporate "cultural control" that focuses on the two cases of the theme-park industry and a high-tech firm)

The Japanese Model

(Including history of Japanese business)

• Masahiko Aoki
  1. and Ronald Dore, ed., The Japanese Firm: The Sources of Competitive Strength (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1994)
  2. and Hugh Patrick, ed., The Japanese Main Bank System: Its Relevance for Developing and Transforming Economies (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1994)
• R. Clark, The Japanese Company (New Haven, CT: Yale Univ. Press, 1979)
• R.E. Cole, Strategies for Learning: Small Group Activities in American, Japanese, and Swedish Industries (Berkeley, CA: Univ. of California, Press, 1989)
• M. Fruin, Kikkoman: Company, Clan, and Community (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press, 1983)
• J. Hirschmeir and T. Yui, The Development of Japanese Business, 2nd ed. (London: George Allen and Unwin, 1981)
• K. Imai, "Japan's Corporate Networks," in Kumon and Rosovsky
• C. Johnson
  1. "How to Think about Economic Competition from Japan," Journal of Japanese Studies 13 (2): 415-28
  2. MITI and the Japanese Miracle (Stanford, CA: Stanford Univ. Press, 1982)
• Martin Kenney and Richard Florida, Beyond Mass Production: The Japanese System and Its Transfer to the United States (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1993)
• Shumpei Kumon, "Japan as a Network Society," in Kumon and Rosovsky
• Thomas P. Lifson, "Innovation and Institutions: Notes on the Japanese Paradigm," in P. Adler (1992), pp. 292-20 (overview of Japanese ways and institutions of business that includes a history of Japanese business; particularly interesting on the difference between the American and Japanese ethos ["ethics"] of "networks," p. 314, and on the "identity management," p. 315)
• Y. Murakami, "Ie Society as a Pattern of Civilization," Journal of Japanese Studies 10 (2): 279-363
• Ikujiro Nonaka and Hirotaka Takeuchi, The Knowledge-Creating Company: How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1995)
• D. Okimoto, Between MITI and Market (Stanford, CA: Stanford Univ. Press, 1982)
• The Political Economy of Japan, 3 vols., general editors, Yasuske Murakami and Hugh T. Patrick (Stanford, CA: Stanford Univ. Press, 1987-1992
  1. I. The Domestic Transformation, ed. Kozo Yamamura and Yasukichi Yasuba
  2. II. The Changing International Context, ed. Takashi Inoguchi and Daniel I. Okimoto
  3. III. Cultural and Social Dynamics, ed. Shumpei Kumon and Henry Rosovsky
• J. Roberts, Mitsui: Three Centuries of Japanese Business (New York: Weatherhill, 1973)
• Haruo Shimada, "The Perceptions and the Reality of Japanese Industrial Relations," in Thurow (1984)
• L. Thurow, ed., The Management Challenge: Japanese Views (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1984)
• D.E. Westney, Imitation and Innovation: The Transfer of Western Organizational Patterns to Meiji Japan (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press, 1987)
• M.Y. Yoshino and T. Lifson, The Invisible Link: Japan's Sogo Shosha and the Organization of Trade (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1986)

Business & Globalism / Multinationalism

(See also Early Multinationals)

• Nancy J. Adler, (McGill U.), "Globalization and Human Resources Management"
• Patrick J. Buchanan, The Great Betrayal: How American Sovereignty and Social Justice Are Sacrificed to the Gods of the Global Economy (New York: Little Brown, 1998)
• Business Monitor Online ("service dedicated to professionals and business people involved in international trade and investment. The site provides global coverage of legislation and regulations, corporate finance, offshore finance, market analysis, economic analysis, risk management, property, consultancy, and worldwide business news") (Business Briefing Publishing Ltd.)
• Jonathan P. Charkham, Keeping Good Company: A Study of Corporate Governance in Five Countries (Oxford: Clarendon, 1994)
• Donald Chew, ed., Studies in International Corporate Finance and Governance Systems: A Comparison of the U.S., Japan, and Europe (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1997)
• Couch-Stone Symposium for 1997 (U. Maryland, College Park, April 10-13, 1997) (conference on the relation between postmodern culture and the global economic system) (Society for the Study of Symbolic Interaction)
• Kevin Danaher, ed., Corporations Are Gonna Get Your Mama: Globalization and the Downsizing of the American Dream (Monroe, Maine: Common Courage, 1996)
• William Greider, One World, Ready or Not: The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism (New York: Touchstone / Simon & Schuster, 1997)
• Arif Dirlik
  • After the Revolution: Waking to Global Capitalism (Hanover, N. H.: University Press of New England for Wesleyan Univ. Press, 1994)
  • "The Global and the Local" and "The Postmodernization of Production and Its Organization: Flexible Production, Work and Culture," in The Postcolonial Aura: Third World Criticism in the Age of Global Capitalism (Boulder, CO: Westview, 1997), pp. 84-104, 186-219
• Joel Kotkin, Tribes: How Race, Religion, and Identity Determine Success in the New Global Economy (New York: Random House, 1992)
• Hans Küng, A Global Ethic for Global Politics and Economics (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1998)
• Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism: Winners and Losers in the Global Economy (HarperCollins, 1999)
• Ali Mir and Maya Yajnik (U. Massachusetts, Amherst), "The Uneven Development of Places: From Bodyshopping to Global Assembly Lines" (Samar)
• Masao Miyoshi, "A Borderless World? From Colonialism to Transnationalism and the Decline of the Nation-State," Critical Inquiry 19 (1993): 726-751
• Political Economy Research Centre (PERC) ("multi-disciplinary research on the current transformation of industrial societies and of the global economic and political order") (Sheffield U., UK)
• Michael E. Porter, ed., Competition in Global Industries (Boston, Mass.: Harvard Business School, 1986)
• Juan Rada, "Information Technology and the Third World," in Forester (1985), pp. 571-89
• Robert Reich, The Work of Nations: Preparing Ourselves for 21st-Century Capitalism (New York: Vintage / Random House, 1992)
• San Francisco Public Library International Trade Page
• Roy C. Smith and Ingo Walter, Global Banking (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1996)
• George Soros, The Crisis of Global Capitalism: (Open Society Endangered) (Public Affairs, 1998)
• Gilles Willett, "Global Communication: A Modern Myth?" (1995) (Communicatio)
• World History Archives: History of the World Economy (Haines Brown)
  1. Selected Resources:
  2. World Trade
  3. Corporations
  4. International Finance Capital

Business & Technology

(See also Scientific Management, Fordism, Information Technology)

• Paul S. Adler, ed., Technology and the Future of Work (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1992)
• Phil Agre (U. Calif., San Diego), "Outsourcing and You" (on the relation between outsourcing and information technology)
• Robert Blauner, Alienation and Freedom: The Factory Worker and His Industry (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1964) (controversial work arguing from empirical studies that the automation evolves in some industrial processes toward the emancipation, rather than alienation, of the worker)
• Harry Braverman, Labor and Monopoly Capital (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1974) (the now classic work on technology and the "deskilling" of the worker)
• Business & Technology (The Technology Page)
• Centre for Social Theory and Technology, Keele U. ("especially concerned with themes that foreground the special nature of contemporary technology-organisation systems") | Publications
• Arthur Francis, New Technology at Work (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986)
• Bruce R. Guile and James Brian Quinn, ed., Technology in Services: Policies for Growth, Trade, and Employment (Washington, D.C.: National Academy, 1988)
• Larry Hirschhorn, Beyond Mechanization: Work and Technology in a Postindustrial Age (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1984) (studies the evolution of mechanical engineering principles and machine/worker relations to provide a history of industrial automation based on such fundamental machinic principles as "constraint," "flexibility," and "feedback"; uses the case of the accident at the Three Mile nuclear plant to argue that postindustrial production has evolved beyond the inflexible control and constraint parameters of earlier mechanization; closes with first-hand research into newer "sociotechnical" organizations oriented around team-work, "developmental learning," and other flexible approaches to integrating workers and complex technical environments)
• Industry & Technology (The Technology Page)
• The Information Economy: The Economics of the Internet, Information Goods, Intellectual Property and Related Issues (Hal R. Varian, School of Information Management and Systems, UC Berkeley)
• Information Technology Industry Organizations (U.S. National Information Infrastructure Virtual Library)
• International Association for the Management of Technology (IAMOT) Newsletter
• Intranets (Jeffrey MacKie-Mason, U. Michigan)
• Intranets: Readings and Resources (Carolyn Kotlas, MSLS Institute for Academic Technology)
• Christopher V. Jones (U. Washington School of Business Administration), "Visualization and Modeling" | References (extensive hypertext bibliography)
• Knowledge Inc. ("monthly executive newsletter that covers trends in information technology, organizational learning and knowledge management"; articles from the first issue & ordering info)
• Robert E. Kraut, ed., Technology and the Transformation of White-Collar Work (Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1987)
• Ali Mir and Maya Yajnik (U. Massachusetts, Amherst), "The Uneven Development of Places: From Bodyshopping to Global Assembly Lines" (Samar)
• Project2000: Research Program on Marketing in Computer Mediated Environments (Owen Graduate School of Management, Vanderbilt U.)
• Lee Sproull and Sara Kiesler, Connections: New Ways of Working in the Networked Organization (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1991) (study of group work dynamics in an email-saturated and networked environment; prescribes "organizational cosmopolitanism" founded in part on establishing "diverse" rather than homogenous forums of electronic communication; see pp. 159-75)
• Staying Alive: Labor in the Global Information Economy (articles and links) (Corporate Watch)
  1. Selected Resources:
  2. David Bacon, Organizing Silicon Valley's High Tech Workers
  3. Labour and the Internet: The Others/Periphery (summary of a 1997 seminar moderated by Jagdish Parikh and Roberto Verzola)
• Paul A. Strassmann, Information Payoff: The Transformation of Work in the Electronic Age (New York: Free Press, 1985)
• Don Tapscott, The Digital Economy: Promise and Peril in the Age of Networked Intelligence (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1996)
• Roberto Verzola, "Towards A Political Economy of Information" (1995) (SoliNet)
• Shoshana Zuboff, In the Age of the Smart Machine: The Future of Work and Power (New York: Basic Books, 1988) (important study of the computerization of industry and the office in the mainframe age; uses extensive interviews with workers and managers to argue that hierarchical control methods designed for earlier industrial automation conflict fundamentally with the nature of "informated" work; of particular interest to humanities scholars is Zuboff's focus on the "body" of the white-collar worker as the register of industrial changes and her use of Foucault's "panopticon" paradigm to describe the struggle between informating and controlling the workplace)

Management, Organization, & Operations Science

(See also Managers)

• Peter F. Drucker, Management: Tasks, Responsibilities, Practices (New York: Harper & Row, 1973)
• EJROT: Electronic Journal of Radical Organisation Theory (U. Waikato, New Zealand)
• The Evolution of Management (slide lecture from course on management and organizational behavior) (Eric Hoppenfeld, San Francisco State U.)
• Formal Organizations (synopses of theoretical works in the field) (Society of Social Research Page, U. Chicago)
• Informs: Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences
  • Publications (Journals)
    1. Management Science
    2. OR/MS Today (on operations research and management sciences)
    3. Organization Science
    4. Operations Research
    5. Interactive Transactions of OR/MS
• Journal of Management History
• Latest Management Research & Practice (journal)
• Management and Labor Page (LC Marvel Gopher)
• Management Resources (BUBL Gopher Resources on Management)
• MIT Sloan School of Management
• Resources of Scholarly Societies - Management Science (U. Waterloo)

Human Resources Management

(See also Early Human Resources Management)

• Nancy J. Adler, (McGill U.), "Globalization and Human Resources Management"
• Clearinghouse: Human Resources and Industrial Psychology (Leela Balraj)
• Guide to Human Resources Information on the Internet
• Human Resource Professional's Gateway to the Internet (Eric R. Wilson)
• Human Resources Magazine (1996 vol.) (includes selected online material) (Society for Human Resource Management)
• Journal of Management History: Issue on Taylorism (MCB University Press)
• SocioSite: Human Resource Management Resources (Albert Benschop, U. Amsterdam)

Consumerism & Advertising

• Advertising (Daniel Chandler, U. Wales, Aberystwyth)
• Advertising Age
• Advertising Studies (Communication Studies, U. Iowa)
• Advertising World: The Ultimate Marketing Communications Directory (Dept. of Advertising, U. Texas, Austin)
• Bibliography: Consumer Culture and Leisure (Don Slater, U. London)
• Communication Arts: Exhibit Online (state of the art advertising) (Coyne & Blanchard, Inc.)
• Thomas Frank, The Conquest of Cool: Business Culture, Counterculture, and the Rise of Hip Consumerism (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1997) (study of the "Creative Revolution" in advertising in the '60s that prefigured such later business philosophies as decentralization)
• The Gallery of Advertising Parody (Sharrow & Associates)
• Good/No-Good Web Advertising Sites ("This page critically reviews/evaluates Web advertising sites of companies in different business categories") (graduate students at U. Texas, Austin, School of Advertising)
• John W. Hartman Center for Sales, Advertising, and Marketing History (Duke U. Special Collections Library)
• History of TV Advertising (Advertising Age)
• Marketing Science (Informs: Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences)
• The Media Glossary (dictionary of advertising and media terms) (Cowles New Media)
• Placing (a series of product "epiphanies" demonstrating the thesis that contemporary "placing" [product placements in movies, TV shows, and sporting events] "captures the essence of a new kind of selfhood for the '90s. No longer do people attempt to define themselves through the products they consume, best exemplified by the wanton excess and spectacle of the last decade. Instead, people define themselves in relation to the products that are ever-present in their everyday lives - they make meaning and significance of the multiple interdependences between themselves, others, and name-brand products. . . . Branding is corporate; placing is populist and personal") (Carl Steadman)
• Project2000: Research Program on Marketing in Computer Mediated Environments (Owen Graduate School of Management, Vanderbilt U.)
• WebRep History af Advertising (on 19th-C. advertising)

Postindustrial Labor Relations

(See also Labor History)

• Studies, Critiques, Statistics
  • Stanley Aronowitz and Jonathan Cutler, ed., Post-Work (New York: Routledge, 1998)
  • Stanley Aronowitz and William DiFazio, The Jobless Future: Sci-Tech and the Dogma of Work (Minneapolis: Univ. of Minnesota Press, 1994) (esp. Chap. 1, "The New Knowledge Work")
    1. (brief excerpts) (cy.Rev #4: A Journal of Cybernetic Revolution, Sustainable Socialism and Radical Democracy)
  • Albert Benschop (U. Amsterdam), Bibliography on the Concept of Labor (extensive list; includes many European works)
  • Ian Benson and John Lloyd, New Technology and Industrial Change (London: Kogan Page, 1983)
  • Robert Blauner, Alienation and Freedom: The Factory Worker and His Industry (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1964) (controversial work arguing from empirical studies that the automation evolves in some industrial processes toward the emancipation, rather than alienation, of the worker; important work in the "de-skilling" debate)
  • Harry Braverman, Labor and Monopoly Capital (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1974) (the now classic work of Marxist scholarship on technology and the "deskilling" of the worker; has set the agenda of the "de-skilling" debate)
  • Bureau of Labor Statistics (U. S. Dept. of Labor)
  • California Newsreel: Documentary Videos on Labor Studies, Industrial Relations, Economic Democracy and Management (site includes descriptions of available videos from the California Newsreel non-profit video production and distribution center)
  • Catherine Casey, Work, Self, and Society: After Industrialization (New York: Routledge, 1995)
  • Carl Cuneo (McMaster U.), Trade Unions and Gender (course)
  • W.W. Daniels, Workplace Industrial Relations and Technical Change (London: Francis Pinter, 1987)
  • Diane Fassel, Working Ourselves to Death: The High Cost of Work Addiction and the Rewards of Recovery (San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1990)
  • Anne B. Fisher, "Welcome to the Age of Overwork," Fortune 30 (Nov. 1992)
  • Barbara Garson, The Electronic Sweatshop: How Computers are Transforming the Office of the Future into the Factory of the Past (1988; rpt. NewYork: Penguin, 1989)
  • Joan Greenbaum, Windows on the Workplace: Computers, Jobs, and the Organization of Office Work in the Late Twentieth Century (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1995)
  • Arlie Russell Hochschild, The Time Bind: When Work Becomes Home and Home Becomes Work (New York: Henry Holt, 1997)
  • Journal of Management History: Issue on Taylorism (MCB University Press)
  • Thomas Kochan, Harry Katz, and Robert McKersie, The Transformation of American Industrial Relations (New York: Basic, 1987)
  • Nelson Lichtenstein, "The Union's Early Days: Shop Stewards and Seniority Rights," in Parker and Slaughter (1988), pp. 65-73
  • Management and Labor Page (LC Marvel Gopher)
  • Roderick Martin, New Technology and Industrial Relations in Fleet Street (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981)
  • Ali Mir and Maya Yajnik (U. Massachusetts, Amherst), "The Uneven Development of Places: From Bodyshopping to Global Assembly Lines" (Samar)
  • Negotiating Technological Change, a Review of Trade Union Approaches to New Technology in Europe (Brussels: European Trade Union Institute, 1982)
  • Max Ogden, "Union Initiatives to Restructure Industry in Australia," in P. Adler (1992), pp. 232-68
  • Leslie A. Perlow, Finding Time: How Corporations, Individuals, and Families Can Benefit from New Work Practices (Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Press, 1997)
  • Michael Poole, Worker Participation in Industry (London: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1975)
  • Jeremy Rifkin, The End of Work: The Decline of the Global Labor Force and the Dawn of the Post-Market Era (New York: G. P. Putnam, 1995)
  • (course) Richard Ruppel (Viterbo C., Wisconsin), The Literature of Work ("traces the development of the modern concepts of 'work' and 'working people' . . . beginning in Colonial America and Victorian England and ending with contemporary American film")
  • Haruo Shimada, "The Perceptions and the Reality of Japanese Industrial Relations," in Thurow (1984)
  • Juliet B. Schor, The Overworked American: The Unexpected Decline of Leisure (1992; rpt. New York: BasicBooks / HarperCollins, 1993)
  • Talent Alliance (non-profit coalition of major corporations, industry and trade associations, professional services firms, government representatives, and educational communities providing "research into technology and workplace trends, future skills requirements, and evolving jobs; support systems for career planning; education and training opportunities for new skills development; and a process . . . for matching the right applicants with the right jobs"; initiated by AT&T in the wake of its experience with restructuring)
  • Robert J. Thomas and Thomas A. Kochan, "Technology, Industrial Relations, and the Problem of Organizational Transformation," in P. Adler (1992), pp. 210-31
  • Barry Wilkinson, The Shopfloor Politics of New Technology (London: Heinemann, 1983)
  • World History Archives: Working Class and Labor History in the U.S. (Haines Brown)
  • WWW Virtual Library: Labour and Business History (The International Institute of Social History / The Netherlands Economic History Archive)
• From the Viewpoint of Labor (see also Workers Criticize Business)
  • Industrial Workers of the World (includes links to other Wobbly pages)
  • International Assoc. of Machinists, "Workers' Technology Bill of Rights," in democracy (Spring 1983)
  • International Labour Organization (in English, French, or Spanish)
  • International Newsletter International Assoc. of Labour History Institutions
  • LaborNet ("works to support human rights and economic justice for workers by providing Internet services, labor news and information, Internet training, and Web site design for unions") (Institute for Global Communications)
  • Mike Parker and Jane Slaughter, Choosing Sides: Unions and the Team Concept (Detroit: Labor Notes / South End Press, 1988)
  • SoliNet: The Solidarity Network ("resource and meeting place for unionists and supporters of the labour movement . . . owned by CUPE, the Canadian Union of Public Employees")
  • Staying Alive: Labor in the Global Information Economy (articles and links) (Corporate Watch)
    1. Selected Resources:
    2. David Bacon, Organizing Silicon Valley's High Tech Workers
    3. Labour and the Internet: The Others/Periphery (summary of a 1997 seminar moderated by Jagdish Parikh and Roberto Verzola)
  • TimeWork Web ("official home page of the Shorter Work Time Network of Canada")
    1. TimeWork Web Policy Proposal for Canada ("what if we could put together a modest, easy-to-implement plan to enable employers to voluntarily reduce their use of overtime and create new jobs at no cost to the employer or the taxpayer?")

Business Journals

• About Work (info and resources on job searches, careers, work from home, business start ups)
• Advertising Age
• Business History
• EJROT: Electronic Journal of Radical Organisation Theory (U. Waikato, New Zealand)
• Fast Company: Handbook of the Business Revolution
• Human Resources Magazine (1996 vol.) (includes selected online material) (Society for Human Resource Management)
• Information Strategy: Europe's Magazine for Business Advantage
• International Newsletter International Assoc. of Labour History Institutions
• Interactive Transactions of OR/MS (Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences)
• Journal of the Business History Conference
• Knowledge Inc. ("monthly executive newsletter that covers trends in information technology, organizational learning and knowledge management"; articles from the first issue & ordering info)
• Latest Management Research & Practice
• Management Science (Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences)
• Marketing Science (Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences)
• On-Line Journal of Ethics ("cutting edge research in the field of business & professional ethics")
• Operations Research (Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences)
• Organization Science (Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences)
• OR/MS Today (on operations research and management sciences)

Selected Resources in Economics

• Abstracts in Economic History
• Academic Research on Economics (IFBG Göttingen)
• Dead Economists Society (dedicated to "classical liberal economists" championing "free markets, limited government, and the private property order"; pages with resources on individual economists) (John D. McGinnis)
• Economics Working Papers Archive (Economics Dept., Washington U.)
• Resources of Scholarly Societies - Economics (U. Waterloo)
• World History Archives: History of the U.S. Economy and Environment (Haines Brown)